Iwo-jima (Volcano Islands): (6 Dec) The explosive eruption at the new volcanic island resumes.
Minor surtseyan explosions continue to take place at the eruption site and gradually shape the island. The newly formed island has been growing as ejected tephra, mainly comprised of dark black masses of lava bombs and previously lava flows, enlarges the area island by piling lava material mostly to the north side. However, the morphology of the island undergoes strong ocean wave erosion as the edifice solely consists of loose, juvenile lava material so far, meaning it is highly prone to collapse into water. Phreatomagmatic activity (also known as surtseyan) means that erupting magma reacts with external water, e.g. ground water, lake water, sea water etc.
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Krakatau (Sunda Strait, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 7000 ft (2100 m) altitude or flight level 070 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL070 ONBS AT 06/0800 MOV N EST VA DTG:06/0850Z to 7000 ft (2100 m)
Marapi (Western Sumatra, Indonesia): (6 Dec) Following the massive explosion from the volcano on 3 December, there have been confirmed 11 fatalities among 75 hikers in the area during the eruption by 4 December.
According to the Padang City SAR Office authorities, the death toll, unfortunately, has risen to 22, and one person is still missing.
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Dukono (Halmahera): (6 Dec) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 8000 ft (2400 m) altitude or flight level 080 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL080 OBS AT 06/0530Z MOV E OBS VA DTG:06/0530Z to 8000 ft (2400 m)
Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 20000 ft (6100 m) altitude or flight level 200 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS CONT to 20000 ft (6100 m)
Santiaguito (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS OBS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Fuego (Guatemala): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: NO VA OBS
Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 21000 ft (6400 m) altitude or flight level 210 .
The full report is as follows: POSS VA EMS to 21000 ft (6400 m)
Sangay (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA NOT OBS
Sabancaya (Peru): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Buenos Aires warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 24000 ft (7300 m) altitude or flight level 240 and is moving at 5 kts in SW direction.
The full report is as follows: continuous ash emissions to 24000 ft (7300 m)
Volcano Activity Summary for 6 Dec 2023:
