Volcanic activity worldwide 20 Dec 2025: Santiaguito volcano, Pacaya, Fuego, Popocatépetl, Soputan,…

Krasheninnikov (Kamchatka, Russia): The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) and Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA) reported that the eruption continued at Krasheninnikov on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level was lowered to „White (no seismic monitoring)“ (on a 5-level scale) on 19 December 2025 at 0000 by EMSD. The aviation alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „White (no seismic monitoring)“ (on a 5-level scale)

Shiveluch (Kamchatka): The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) and Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA) reported that the eruption continued at Sheveluch on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 5-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 5-level scale)

Bezymianny (Kamchatka): The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) and Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA) reported that the eruption continued at Bezymianny on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 5-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 5-level scale)

Canlaon (Central Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that the eruption continued at Kanlaon on 19 December 2025 (local). Plume(s) rose to a maximum of 75 m (246 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „2 – Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest“ (level 2 on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „2 – Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest“ (level 2 on a 0–5 level scale)

Taal (Luzon, Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that the eruption continued at Taal on 19 December 2025 (local). Plume(s) rose to a maximum of 500 m (1,640 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „1 – Low-Level Unrest“ (on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „1 – Low-Level Unrest“ (on a 0–5 level scale)

Mayon (Luzon Island, Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that unrest continued at Mayon on 19 December 2025 (local). Plume(s) were reported. There were 6 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „1 – Low Level of Volcanic Unrest“ (on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „1 – Low Level of Volcanic Unrest“ (on a 0–5 level scale)

Telong (northern Sumatra, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Telong, Bur ni on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Karangetang (Siau Island, Sangihe Islands, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Karangetang on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Raung (East Java): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Raung on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 7000 ft (2100 m) altitude or flight level 070 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL070 OBSERVED 20/1437Z MOV E EST VA DTG:20/1520Z to 7000 ft (2100 m)
…20 Dec:
The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Ibu on 19 December 2025 (local). There were 114 seismically detected explosions reported. Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 500 m (1,640 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Sangeang Api (Flores Sea, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Sangeang Api on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Talang (Sumatra): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Talang on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lewotobi (Flores): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Lewotobi (Laki-Laki) on 19 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 100 m (328 ft) above the vent. There was 1 seismically detected rockfall. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Soputan (North Sulawesi, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Soputan on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lewotolo (Lesser Sunda Islands): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Lewotolok on 19 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 50 m (164 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Merapi (Central Java, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Merapi on 19 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 10 m (33 ft) above the vent. There were 4 hot rockfalls, traveling up to 1,900 m. There were 82 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Semeru on 19 December 2025 (local). There were 102 seismically detected explosions reported. Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 1,000 m (3,281 ft) above the vent. There were 20 seismically detected rockfalls. Seismically detected flowage events were recorded 1 times. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: seismically detected flowage event(s).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Marapi (Western Sumatra, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Marapi on 19 December 2025 (local). There was 1 seismically detected explosion reported. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Dukono (Halmahera): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 7000 ft (2100 m) altitude or flight level 070 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL070 OBS AT 20/0220Z MOV NE EST VA DTG:20/1240Z to 7000 ft (2100 m)
…20 Dec:
The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Dukono on 19 December 2025 (local). There was 1 seismically detected explosion reported. Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 500 m (1,640 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Kerinci (Sumatra): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Kerinci on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Iliwerung (Lesser Sunda Islands): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Iliwerung on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lokon-Empung (North Sulawesi, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Lokon-Empung on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Kilauea (Hawai’i): The United States Geological Survey – Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO) reported that the eruption continued at Kilauea on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Shishaldin (Aleutian Islands, Alaska): The United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported that unrest continued at Shishaldin between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Advisory“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Advisory“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale)

Great Sitkin (United States, Aleutian Islands): The United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported that the eruption continued at Great Sitkin between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): The Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED) reported that the eruption continued at Popocatépetl between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). Ash, gas, and vapor plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „Yellow Alert – Phase 2“ (level 4 on a 7-level scale).
Source: Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Yellow Alert – Phase 2“ (level 4 on a 7-level scale)

Santiaguito (Guatemala): The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued at Santa María between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). There were explosions reported, occurring at a rate of up to 3 per hour. Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 900 m (2,953 ft) above the vent. Crater glow was observed during the early morning and nighttime hours.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: unavailable or not collected

Pacaya (Guatemala): The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that unrest continued at Pacaya between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: unavailable or not collected

Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: LGT VA EMS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
…20 Dec:
The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued at Fuego between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). There were explosions reported, occurring at a rate of up to 10 per hour. Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 1,037 m (3,402 ft) above the vent. Some explosions ejected incandescent material up to 200 m above the crater rim. Activity also included: audible sounds (e.g., booms, rumbling), shockwave.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: unavailable or not collected

Turrialba (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that unrest continued at Turrialba on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Rincón de la Vieja (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that unrest continued at Rincón de la Vieja on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Poas (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that the eruption continued at Poás on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Puracé (Colombia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 18000 ft (5500 m) altitude or flight level 180 .
The full report is as follows: ONGOING VA EMS. to 18000 ft (5500 m)
…20 Dec:
The Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC) reported that the eruption continued at Puracé on 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Sangay (Ecuador): The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Sangay between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „2 – Yellow“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „2 – Yellow“ (on a 4-level scale)

Reventador (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: POSSIBLE ONGOING VA EMS. to 14000 ft (4300 m)
…20 Dec:
The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Reventador between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „3 – Orange“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „3 – Orange“ (on a 4-level scale)

Sabancaya (Peru): The Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP) reported that the eruption continued at Sabancaya between 18 December 2025 (local) and 19 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)