During the gas measurement flight on December 14, the volcanologists observed a shift in emissions from the active vent, with increased ash compared to earlier measurements taken an hour prior. Combined with satellite observations, the results of the flight reveal a notable rise in sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, suggesting the potential onset of a new eruptive episode.
During the December 14 flight, minor ash emissions and elevated gas emission rates were detected. On December 10, the larger steam and gas plume was observed above the volcano, visible via webcams in Whakatāne and Te Kaha, as well as in satellite imagery. When weather conditions permit, a larger plume is occasionally visible from the Bay of Plenty coast. The ash emissions observed during the gas flight are currently the only signs of ash within the plume. No ash emissions have been detected through our webcams or Metservice’s satellite imagery analyses.
With no on-island sensors, the local observatory continues to rely on remote cameras and satellite imagery to monitor Whakaari. Recent activity, along with observations from May to September, suggests that fresh magma may be driving these changes. Thus far, only very minor ash emissions have been observed on and near the island. An observation flight is planned to gather additional information and assess potential changes in the crater area.
The current activity aligns with moderate to heightened unrest. As a result, the Volcanic Alert Level remains at Level 2, and the Aviation Colour Code has been raised to Orange.
Source: Geonet New Zealand volcano activity update 16 December 2024