Volcanic activity worldwide 18 Dec 2025: Santiaguito volcano, Fuego, Popocatépetl, Soputan, Talang,…

Canlaon (Central Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that the eruption continued at Kanlaon on 17 December 2025 (local). Plume(s) rose to a maximum of 75 m (246 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „2 – Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest“ (level 2 on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „2 – Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest“ (level 2 on a 0–5 level scale)

Taal (Luzon, Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that the eruption continued at Taal on 17 December 2025 (local). Plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „1 – Low-Level Unrest“ (on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „1 – Low-Level Unrest“ (on a 0–5 level scale)

Mayon (Luzon Island, Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that unrest continued at Mayon on 17 December 2025 (local). Plume(s) were reported. There were 6 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „1 – Abnormal“ (on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „1 – Abnormal“ (on a 0–5 level scale)

Telong (northern Sumatra, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Telong, Bur ni on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Karangetang (Siau Island, Sangihe Islands, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Karangetang on 17 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 500 m (1,640 ft) above the vent. There were 5 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: audible sounds (e.g., booms, rumbling).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Raung (East Java): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Raung on 17 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 300 m (984 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: VA LAST REPORTED AT 18/1526Z MOV NE EST VA DTG:18/1600Z
…18 Dec:
The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Ibu on 17 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 800 m (2,625 ft) above the vent. There were 102 seismically detected explosions reported. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Sangeang Api (Flores Sea, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Sangeang Api on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Talang (Sumatra): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Talang on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lewotobi (Flores): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Lewotobi (Laki-Laki) on 17 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 300 m (984 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Soputan (North Sulawesi, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Soputan on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lewotolo (Lesser Sunda Islands): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Lewotolok on 17 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 50 m (164 ft) above the vent. There were 66 seismically detected explosions reported. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Merapi (Central Java, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Merapi on 17 December 2025 (local). There were 6 hot rockfalls, traveling up to 1,800 m. There were 87 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Semeru on 17 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 500 m (1,640 ft) above the vent. There were 123 seismically detected explosions reported. There were 3 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Marapi (Western Sumatra, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Marapi on 17 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 150 m (492 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Dukono (Halmahera): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Dukono on 17 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 700 m (2,297 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Kerinci (Sumatra): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Kerinci on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Iliwerung (Lesser Sunda Islands): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Iliwerung on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lokon-Empung (North Sulawesi, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Lokon-Empung on 17 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 25 m (82 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Kilauea (Hawai’i): The United States Geological Survey – Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO) reported that the eruption continued at Kilauea on 17 December 2025 (local). Intermittent glow was observed at the south vent. No glow was detected at the north vent, likely due to the continued low visibility conditions overnight. The alert level remained at „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Shishaldin (Aleutian Islands, Alaska): The United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported that unrest continued at Shishaldin between 16 December 2025 (local) and 17 December 2025 (local). A small steam/vapor plume was observed rising above the summit in webcam images from 16–17 December. The alert level remained at „Advisory“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Advisory“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale)

Great Sitkin (United States, Aleutian Islands): The United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported that the eruption continued at Great Sitkin between 16 December 2025 (local) and 17 December 2025 (local). Satellite imagery from 16–17 December showed slightly elevated surface temperatures associated with the active lava flow. Lava continued to slowly erupt in the summit crater. The alert level remained at „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 20000 ft (6100 m) altitude or flight level 200 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS OBS to 20000 ft (6100 m)
…18 Dec:
The Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED) reported that the eruption continued at Popocatépetl between 16 December 2025 (local) and 17 December 2025 (local). Ash, gas, and vapor plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „Yellow Alert – Phase 2“ (level 4 on a 7-level scale).
Source: Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Yellow Alert – Phase 2“ (level 4 on a 7-level scale)

Santiaguito (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: LGT VA EMS OBS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
…18 Dec:
The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued at Santa María between 16 December 2025 (local) and 17 December 2025 (local). Ash plume(s) rose to a maximum of 900 m (2,953 ft) above the vent. Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 500 m (1,640 ft) above the vent. Crater glow was observed during the early morning and nighttime hours. There were explosions reported, occurring at a rate of up to 3 per hour. Ash fall was reported in San Marcos Palajunoj, Santa Anita, and Loma Linda. There were incandescent rockfalls.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: unavailable or not collected

Fuego (Guatemala): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA EMS PSBL
…18 Dec:
The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued at Fuego between 16 December 2025 (local) and 17 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 837 m (2,746 ft) above the vent. Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 300 m (984 ft) above the vent. Incandescent material was ejected in pulses up to 200 m above the vent, resulting in the crater area being covered with incandescent rock fragments. There were explosions reported, occurring at a rate of up to 12 per hour. Fine ash fall was reported in Yepocapa, Panimaché I and II, and Morelia. There were incandescent rockfalls. Activity also included: audible sounds (e.g., booms, rumbling).
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: unavailable or not collected

Turrialba (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that unrest continued at Turrialba on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Rincón de la Vieja (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that unrest continued at Rincón de la Vieja on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Poas (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that the eruption continued at Poás on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: NO VA EMS OBSD

Puracé (Colombia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 21000 ft (6400 m) altitude or flight level 210 .
The full report is as follows: LGT VA EMS OBS to 21000 ft (6400 m)
…18 Dec:
The Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC) reported that the eruption continued at Puracé on 17 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Sangay (Ecuador): The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Sangay between 16 December 2025 (local) and 17 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 800 m (2,625 ft) above the vent. There were 254 seismically detected explosions reported. The alert level remained at „2 – Yellow“ (on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: thermal anomaly(ies).
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „2 – Yellow“ (on a 4-level scale)

Reventador (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA EMS PSBL
…18 Dec:
The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Reventador between 16 December 2025 (local) and 17 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 1,000 m (3,281 ft) above the vent. Seismicity was not recorded due to technical issues. The alert level remained at „3 – Orange“ (on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: thermal anomaly(ies).
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „3 – Orange“ (on a 4-level scale)

Sabancaya (Peru): The Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP) reported that the eruption continued at Sabancaya between 16 December 2025 (local) and 17 December 2025 (local). Ash, gas, and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 1,300 m (4,265 ft) above the vent. There was 1 explosion reported. A total of 9 earthquakes related to the movement of magma and gases were recorded. The alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: thermal anomaly(ies).
Source: Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP)
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Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)