Volcanic activity worldwide 11 Dec 2025: Santiaguito volcano, Pacaya, Fuego, Popocatépetl, Soputan,…

Sakurajima (Kyushu, Japan): The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that the eruption continued at Aira on 10 December 2025 (local). There were 2 eruptions reported, one of which was an explosion, with ash plumes rising to a maximum of 1,800 m (5,900 ft) above the vent. The explosion ejected large volcanic bombs or blocks 300–600 m away from Minamidake Crater. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Restriction on proximity to the volcano“ (on a 5-level scale).
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Restriction on proximity to the volcano“ (on a 5-level scale)

Canlaon (Central Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that the eruption continued at Kanlaon on 10 December 2025 (local). Plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „2 – Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest“ (level 2 on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „2 – Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest“ (level 2 on a 0–5 level scale)

Taal (Luzon, Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that the eruption continued at Taal on 10 December 2025 (local). Plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „1 – Low-Level Unrest“ (on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „1 – Low-Level Unrest“ (on a 0–5 level scale)

Mayon (Luzon Island, Philippines): The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that unrest continued at Mayon on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „1 – Abnormal“ (on a 0–5 level scale).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „1 – Abnormal“ (on a 0–5 level scale)

Telong (northern Sumatra, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Telong, Bur ni on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Karangetang (Siau Island, Sangihe Islands, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Karangetang on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Raung (East Java): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Raung on 10 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 6000 ft (1800 m) altitude or flight level 060 and is moving at 05 kts in S direction.
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL060 LAST REPORTED AT 11/1206Z EST VA DTG:11/1230Z to 6000 ft (1800 m)
…11 Dec:
The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Ibu on 10 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) were reported. There were seismically detected explosions reported. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Sangeang Api (Flores Sea, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Sangeang Api on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Talang (Sumatra): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Talang on 10 December 2025 (local). The number of recorded volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes has increased since September 2024. The alert level was raised to „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale) on 10 December 2025 at 1000 by CVGHM/PVMBG due to increased volcanic seismicity.
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lewotobi (Flores): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Lewotobi (Laki-Laki) on 10 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Soputan (North Sulawesi, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Soputan on 10 December 2025 (local). There were seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lewotolo (Lesser Sunda Islands): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Lewotolok on 10 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Merapi (Central Java, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Merapi on 10 December 2025 (local). There were hot rockfalls. There were seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Semeru on 10 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) were reported. There were seismically detected explosions reported. There were seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: seismically detected flowage event(s).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 3 – Standby“ (on a 4-level scale)

Marapi (Western Sumatra, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Marapi on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Dukono (Halmahera): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Dukono on 10 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) were reported. There were seismically detected explosions reported. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Ruang (Sangihe Islands, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest activity decreased at Ruang on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level was lowered to „Level 1 – Normal“ (on a 4-level scale) on 10 December 2025 at 1000 by CVGHM/PVMBG because monitoring showed a sustained decline in volcanic activity after the major eruptions in April 2024.
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 1 – Normal“ (on a 4-level scale)

Awu (Sulawesi & Sangihe Islands): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Awu on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Kerinci (Sumatra): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Kerinci on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Iliwerung (Lesser Sunda Islands): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Iliwerung on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Lokon-Empung (North Sulawesi, Indonesia): The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Lokon-Empung on 10 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale).
Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Alert“ (on a 4-level scale)

Kilauea (Hawai’i): The United States Geological Survey – Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO) reported that the eruption continued at Kilauea on 10 December 2025 (local). Tremor with small, irregular peaks persisted throughout the morning of 10 December. A steady glow continued overnight from the crack near the north vent, with intermittent glow from the south vent. Incandescence continued to be observed from the creeping, spatter-fed flows south of the south vent. The alert level remained at „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Katmai (Alaska Peninsula, USA): The United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) issued a report for Katmai on 10 December 2025 (local). Strong NW winds over Shelikof Strait Katmai and the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes resuspended loose ash from the 1912 Novarupta-Katmai eruption up to 1,800 m above sea level, dispersing it SE. The alert level remained at „Normal“ (level 1 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Green“ (level 1 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Normal“ (level 1 on a 4-level scale)

Shishaldin (Aleutian Islands, Alaska): The United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported that unrest continued at Shishaldin between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). A minor steam/vapor plume was observed rising above the summit in webcam images from 9 December. Satellite imagery showed a diffuse steam/vapor plume that extended approximatly 98 km to the S. The alert level remained at „Advisory“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Advisory“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale)

Great Sitkin (United States, Aleutian Islands): The United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported that the eruption continued at Great Sitkin between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). Satellite imagery from 9–10 December showed slightly elevated surface temperatures at the summit. Lava continued to slowly erupt in the summit crater. The alert level remained at „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale).
Source: United States Geological Survey – Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Watch“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): The Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED) reported that the eruption continued at Popocatépetl between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at „Yellow Alert – Phase 2“ (level 4 on a 7-level scale).
Source: Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Yellow Alert – Phase 2“ (level 4 on a 7-level scale)

Santiaguito (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: OCNL VA EMS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
…11 Dec:
The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued at Santa María between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). There were explosions reported. Ash and gas plume(s) were reported. Crater incandescence was observed at Caliente Dome during the night and early morning hours. There were incandescent rockfalls. Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: unavailable or not collected

Pacaya (Guatemala): The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that unrest continued at Pacaya between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: unavailable or not collected

Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: FRQNT VA EM to 14000 ft (4300 m)
…11 Dec:
The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued at Fuego between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). There were explosions reported. Ash and gas plume(s) were reported. Incandescent material was ejected in pulses up to 200 m above the vent, resulting in the crater area being covered with incandescent rock fragments. Gas and vapor plume(s) were reported. Activity also included: audible sounds (e.g., booms, rumbling), shockwave.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: unavailable or not collected

Turrialba (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that unrest continued at Turrialba on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Rincón de la Vieja (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that unrest continued at Rincón de la Vieja on 10 December 2025 (local). A small phreatic explosion was recorded at 0403 on 10 December. The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Poas (Costa Rica): The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that the eruption continued at Poás on 10 December 2025 (local). The alert level remained at „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at „Yellow“ (level 2 on a 4-level scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica – Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Level 2 – Warning“ (on a 0–4 level scale)

Puracé (Colombia): The Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC) reported that the eruption continued at Puracé on 10 December 2025 (local). A total of 7 ash emission events were recorded, with plumes rising to a maximum of 700 m above the crater rim. New degassing points were identified, including a new area observed on the SW flank in a photo taken by a resident from Alto Anambío village, municipality of Puracé. Seismicity associated with low-magnitude rock-fracturing activity was recorded within a 1.5 km radius of Puracé, at depths less than 3 km. Satellite data showed significant sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions dispersing mainly NE within a 250 km radius of Puracé. The alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: long-period (LP) seismicity, tremor.
Source: Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Sangay (Ecuador): The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Sangay between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). There were seismically detected explosions reported. The alert level remained at „2 – Yellow“ (on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: SO2 degassing, thermal anomaly(ies).
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „2 – Yellow“ (on a 4-level scale)

Reventador (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: ONGOING VA EMS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
…11 Dec:
The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Reventador between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) were reported. Seismicity was not recorded due to technical issues. The alert level remained at „3 – Orange“ (on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: SO2 degassing, thermal anomaly(ies).
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „3 – Orange“ (on a 4-level scale)

Sabancaya (Peru): The Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP) reported that the eruption continued at Sabancaya between 9 December 2025 (local) and 10 December 2025 (local). At 0839 on 10 December, a moderate-sized ash emission rose up to 600 m above the vent. A total of 7 earthquakes related to the movement of magma and gases were recorded. The alert level remained at „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: thermal anomaly(ies).
Source: Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP)
… [read more] … [show less]
Current Alerts:
Observatory alert level: „Orange“ (level 3 on a 4-level scale)