Volcanic activity worldwide 19 Mar 2024: Santiaguito volcano, Fuego, Popocatépetl, Semeru, Ibu, Duk…

Map of today’s active volcanoes

Reykjanes (Reykjanes peninsula (SW Iceland)): The activity at the eruption site continues at stable levels.
In the southern part of the fissure the constant bursting lava spattering has been forming the group of several spatter cones along fissure vents, so-called spatter ramparts.
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Most of the lava is going directly into the southern lava flow, with its front approximately 300 meters away from reaching the Suðurstrandarveð road. There hasn’t been significant movement since yesterday.
GPS and satellite images suggest that the Svartsengi area continues to inflate, driven by the magma-fed sub-vertical fissure-shaped intrusion, known as dike.

…19 Mar:
The Icelandic Met Office has recently released an updated hazard assessment map for the Grindavík area due to the ongoing eruption. The risk levels have decreased in zones 5 and 7. Zones 1, 3, 4 and 6 remain unchanged.
The most critical danger zones are as follows:
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Zone 3, where the eruption goes on, is classified as very high risk, indicated by the color purple.
Zones 1, 4 and 6 are designated as high risk due to gas emissions and lava flows, represented by the color red.

Suwanose-jima (Ryukyu Islands): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Tokyo (VAAC) issued the following report: EXPLODED AT 20240319/1655Z OVER FL050 EXTD SE OBS VA DTG:19/1650Z

Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): (19 Mar) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 10000 ft (3000 m) altitude or flight level 100 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL100 OBS AT 18/0200Z MOV NE OBS VA DTG:19/0200Z to 10000 ft (3000 m)

Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): (19 Mar) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL140 REPORTED AT 18/2325 MOV E EST VA DTG:18/2325Z to 14000 ft (4300 m)

Marapi (Western Sumatra, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 and is moving at 05 kts in E direction.
The full report is as follows: LOCALISED VA EMISSION TO FL140 OBS AT 19/1800Z to 14000 ft (4300 m)
…19 Mar:
The explosive eruption of the volcano continues.
Near-constant vulcanian-sized explosions continue to take place from the crater vent. On 18 March, a grey ash plume rose to estimated 14,000 ft (4,300 m) altitude and dissipated towards the east.
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The PVMBG volcano observatory reported a seismic signal with a maximum amplitude of 30.4 mm and a duration of 65 seconds on 16 March.
In order to mitigate the current risk, people are advised to avoid the area within a 4.5 km radius from the Verbeek Crater.

Dukono (Halmahera): (19 Mar) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 9000 ft (2700 m) altitude or flight level 090 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL090 OBS AT 18/2340Z MOV S OBS VA DTG:18/2340Z to 9000 ft (2700 m)

Ruapehu (North Island): (19 Mar) In mid-October 2023, the temperature of Te Wai ā-moe (Crater Lake) began to rise, reaching a peak of 31 ºC on 14 February 2024. Subsequently, the temperature started to decline, signaling the conclusion of the heating episode. Presently, the lake temperature stands at 24 ºC, with the estimated heat flow into the lake currently around 100 MW, indicative of a cooling phase. During the earlier stages of the heating episode, the calculated heat flow ranged between 200 and 300 MW.
Throughout the heating episode, the seismic station detected a typical sequence of small earthquakes clustered under the volcano at depths of 3-8 km. The magnitude of these earthquakes ranged from M 0.3 to M 2.4. This seismic activity has persisted even as the lake cools. Volcanic tremor, a crucial indicator of volcanic fluid movement, remains minimal, and other monitoring parameters are within normal ranges.
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Moderate levels of SO2 (sulphur dioxide) gas emissions have been measured from the lake as it warmed, with a slight decrease now noticeable as the lake cools.
The recent earthquakes at moderate depths beneath the volcano may be associated with a deep volcanic process. However, other monitoring parameters such as volcanic tremor, heat flow, gas emissions, and lake surface behavior are all consistent with the typical pattern of heating-cooling episodes in the crater lake. These episodes are driven by shallower processes in the hydrothermal system, aligning with past observations in the crater lake. The long-term temperature trend of the lake illustrates that the recent heating episode falls within the range of temperatures recorded over the past five years.

Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 20000 ft (6100 m) altitude or flight level 200 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS CONTG to 20000 ft (6100 m)

Santiaguito (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: OCNL VA EMS. to 14000 ft (4300 m)

Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 15000 ft (4600 m) altitude or flight level 150 .
The full report is as follows: FQT VA EMS SEEN IN SAT AND WEBCAM to 15000 ft (4600 m)

Sangay (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: PSBL CONTG VA EMS.

Reventador (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA NOT SEEN IN SAT

Sabancaya (Peru): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Buenos Aires (VAAC) issued the following report: UNABLE TO DETECT

Spatter ramparts has been constructing above fissure vents (image: RUV webcam)