Stromboli (Eolian Islands, Italy): INGV reported that during 21-27 February activity at Stromboli was characterized by ongoing explosions from three vents in Area N (North Crater area) and three vents in Area C-S (South-Central Crater area). Explosions from Area N vents (N1 and N2) averaged 2-5 events per hour; explosions from the N1 vent ejected lapilli and bombs 80-150 m high and those at two N2 vents ejected material less than 80 m high. N2 produced weak and occasional spattering.
No explosions occurred at the S1 and C vents in Area C-S; low-intensity explosions at the two S2 vents occurred at a rate of 4-9 per hour and ejected coarse material no higher than 80 m.
… [read more]
Etna (Sicily, Italy): The volcano remains relatively calm at the surface although many people are almost expecting it to produce another paroxysms in the very near future.
Whether this might happen or not cannot be predicted, but deep-seated explosions have increased again, as detected by low-frequency acoustic pressure waves by the network of the Experimental Laboratory of Volcanology of the University of Florence (LGS). Most of these come from the conduit feeding the New SE crater complex, indicating the presence of degassing magma not too far from the surface.
On the other hand, volcanic tremor and other parameters remain at low levels of intensity, but things can change very quickly at Etna as we know.
…3 Mar:
INGV reported that during 23-25 February activity at Etna’s Southeast Crater (SEC) was characterized by Strombolian activity and occasional ash emissions that rapidly dispersed to the SSW and SSE. At 1338 on 24 February a forceful ash emission from Northeast Crater drifted SSE. A diffuse ash emission rose from the same crater at 1642.
Emissions at Bocca Nuova Crater consisted mainly of gas with occasional minor ash content during 21-27 February.
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Karymsky (Kamchatka): KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 20 and 23-24 February. The volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 18-25 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).
Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
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Shiveluch (Kamchatka): KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Sheveluch was identified in satellite images during 18-25 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
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Aso (central Kyushu, Japan): JMA reported that the amplitude of volcanic tremor signals at Asosan increased at around 0500 on 24 February and then increased again around 0900. About 45 minutes later JMA raised the Alert Level to 3 (on a scale of 1-5) and warned the public to stay at least 2 km away from the crater. Tremor amplitude decreased at around 1540 on 27 February.
White plumes continued to rise 700-800 m above the crater rim during 24-28 February.
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Ontake-san (Honshu): JMA reported that the number of volcanic earthquakes at Ontakesan began increasing at 1415 on 23 February. Four minutes later a volcanic tremor signal was detected along with uplift on the S flank. At 1635 JMA raised the Alert Level to 2 (on a scale of 1-5).
The report warned the public to stay at least 1 km away from Crater 79-7 on the SW flank of the Kenga-mine summit. After a peak on 25 February, the number of daily volcanic earthquakes began to decline; there were two volcanic earthquakes recorded on 24 February, a total of 17 on 25 February, 4-5 per day during 26-28 February, and 3 on 1 March. During an overflight on 25 February scientists observed no changes in the fumarolic areas or other morphological changes on the volcano.
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Suwanose-jima (Ryukyu Islands): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Tokyo warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 6000 ft (1800 m) altitude or flight level 060 and is moving at 20 kts in SE direction.
The full report is as follows: VA EMISSIONS CONTINUING OBS VA DTG:03/1120Z to 6000 ft (1800 m)
…3 Mar:
JMA reported that 13 explosions were recorded at Suwanosejima’s Ontake Crater during 21-28 February. The explosions produced ash plumes that rose as high as 2.2 km above the crater rim and ejected blocks 300-400 m away from the crater. Ashfall was reported in Toshima village (3.5 km SSW) and crater incandescence was visible nightly.
The Alert Level remained at 3 and the public was warned to stay 2 km away from the crater.
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Merapi (Central Java, Indonesia): BPPTKG reported that both of Merapi’s two lava domes, situated just below the SW rim and in the summit crater, effused lava during 18-24 February. Based on analysis of drone data the volumes of the SW and central domes were an estimated 1.58 and 3.23 million cubic meters, respectively. Seismicity remained at high levels.
In the SW-flank Bebeng drainage there were as many as 173 lava avalanches that traveled a maximum of 2 km and one pyroclastic flow that extended 1.8 km. Minor ashfall was reported in the Pakem District on 18 February. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3-5 km away from the summit based on location.
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Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): PVMBG reported that eruptions at Semeru recorded at 0605 on 24 February, 0538, 0557, and 0755 on 25 February, 0535 on 27 February, and 0555 on 29 February generated ash plumes that rose 500-700 m above the summit and drifted N and SW. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4). The public was warned to stay at least 500 m away from Kobokan drainages within 17 km of the summit, along with other drainages originating on Semeru, including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
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Ambrym (Vanuatu): On 24 February the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD) reported that nighttime crater incandescence from Ambrym’s Benbow Crater was no longer visible, though steam emissions persisted. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5). VMGD warned the public to stay outside of the Permanent Danger Zone A, defined as a 1-km radius around Benbow Crater and a 2-km radius around Marum Crater, and additionally to stay 500 m away from the ground cracks created by the December 2018 eruption.
Source: Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD)
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Yasur (Tanna Island, Vanuatu): The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD) reported that activity at Yasur continued at a high level of “major unrest,” as defined by the Alert Level 2 status (the middle level on a scale of 0-4). Ash-and-gas emissions and loud explosions continued to be recorded, with bombs falling in and around the crater. The public was reminded not to enter the restricted area within 600 m around the cone, defined by Danger Zone A on the hazard map.
Source: Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD)
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Aoba (Vanuatu): On 24 February the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD) reported that explosions at the cone in Ambae’s Lake Voui continued to produce steam and ash emissions. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5) and the public was warned to stay outside of the Danger Zone defined as a 2-km radius around the active vents in Lake Voui and away from drainages during heavy rains.
Source: Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD)
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Kilauea (Hawai’i): HVO reported that lava effusion at the vent of the main cone in the lower W wall of Kilauea’s Halema`uma`u Crater continued at variable rates during 22 February-1 March. Effusion from the vent sometimes paused, including from the early afternoon on 23 February to 2115 on 27 February, from 1500 on 26 February to 1000 on 27 February, and again beginning at 0130 on 1 March. When the vent was active lava flowed S and W, into the W part of the lava lake.
Lava occasionally oozed out from the margins of the lake. The lake level fluctuated through the week, likely reflecting the lava supply along with periods of inflation and deflation. The Aviation Color Code and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Orange and Watch, respectively.
… [read more]
Wolf (Galápagos Islands, Ecuador): IG reported that the eruption at Wolf continued during 23 February-1 March. Daily thermal alert counts, as high as around 253, indicated active and advancing lava flows on the SE flank.
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG)
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Pavlof (Alaska Peninsula, USA): AVO reported that the eruption at Pavlof was ongoing during 23 February-1 March. Lava effusion continued from a vent just E of the summit and sent a lava flow a short distance down the NE flank. Seismicity was higher with periods of tremor, and elevated surface temperatures were periodically identified in satellite images; both were consistent with continuing lava effusion.
Small explosions were detected during 24 and 26-28 February. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
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Davidof (United States, Aleutian Islands): According to AVO the earthquake swarm that began on 24 January in the vicinity at Davidof continued at least through 1 March with a few small earthquakes recorded each day. The swarm was either related to tectonic processes or volcanic unrest. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory.
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)
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Semisopochnoi (United States, Aleutian Islands): AVO reported that low-level eruptive activity at Semisopochnoi’s North Cerberus cone continued during 23 February-1 March. Seismicity was elevated with low-level tremor and daily small explosions. Weather clouds sometimes prevented satellite and webcam views of the volcano, though low ash clouds from the summit were visible on most days.
Ash deposits on the N flank were visible in a few webcam images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.
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Great Sitkin (United States, Aleutian Islands): AVO reported that slow lava effusion at Great Sitkin likely continued during 23 February-1 March and very low seismicity persisted. Weakly elevated surface temperatures at the summit were detected during 25-28 February. The Aviation Color Code and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Orange and Watch, respectively.
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)
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Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 15000 ft (4600 m) altitude or flight level 150 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS CONT to 15000 ft (4600 m)
Telica (Nicaragua): Based on satellite and webcam images, the Washington VAAC reported that during 21-24 and 27-28 February multiple ash emissions at Telica rose as high as 1.5 km (5,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted as far as 55 km W, WSW, and SW.
Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
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Turrialba (Costa Rica): OVSICORI-UNA reported that a point of incandescence on the SW wall of Turrialba’s Cráter Oeste was visible on 23 February and was coincident with the area of strongest gas emissions. At 1955 on 27 February an eruption produced a diffuse ash plume that rose 300 m above the summit and drifted NE. Rumbling heard on 28 February was sometimes coincident with minor ash emissions.
Source: Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
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Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 20000 ft (6100 m) altitude or flight level 200 .
The full report is as follows: NEW VA EMS to 20000 ft (6100 m)
Sangay (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 19000 ft (5800 m) altitude or flight level 190 .
The full report is as follows: ONGOING VA EMS to 19000 ft (5800 m)
…3 Mar:
IG reported a high level of activity at Sangay during 22 February-1 March. Weather clouds and rain often prevented visual and webcam observations of the volcano, though daily ash-and-gas plumes were identified in satellite images by the Washington VAAC or in webcam views; plumes rose as high as 2 km above the volcano and drifted N, NW, W, and SW. Multiple daily thermal anomalies over the volcano were visible in satellite data.
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG)
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Reventador (Ecuador): (3 Mar) No significant change in the activity has occurred during the past days and is characterized by the ongoing effusive-explosive eruption of the volcano as reported by the local volcano observatory Instituto Geofísico (IGEPN).
The volcano continues to generate vulcanian-type explosions from the summit crater accompanied by near-continuous ash plumes reaching approx. 15,000 ft (4,600 m) altitude.
… [read more]
Sabancaya (Peru): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Buenos Aires (VAAC) issued the following report: UNABLE TO DETECT
…3 Mar:
Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported moderate levels of activity at Sabancaya during 21-27 February with a daily average of 35 explosions. Gas-and-ash plumes rose as high as 2.5 km above the summit and drifted NW, W, SW, and S. Three thermal anomalies originating from the lava dome in the summit crater were identified in satellite data.
Minor inflation continued to be detected near Hualca Hualca (4 km N). The Alert Level remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale) and the public were warned to stay outside of a 12-km radius.
… [read more]
